Did Planet X / Nibiru
Kill The Dinosaurs?

YOWUSA.COM, 28-January-02
Marshall Masters

…Continued

Can KBO Objects Be The Size of Planets? 

While many astronomers express the opinion that Pluto should be reclassified as a KBO the problem was that we had not yet discovered a KBO with as much mass as a moon, until July of last year with the discovery of 2001 KX76. 

Discovery News, July 3, 2001
Large Object Discovered Orbiting Sun

The discovery of a large reddish chunk of something orbiting in Pluto's neighborhood has re-ignited the idea that there may be more than nine planets in the solar system. What the discoverers are calling 2001 KX76 might be one of the largest "Kuiper Belt Objects" or KBO's, found in the what is essentially a second asteroid belt beyond the orbit of Neptune. Initial reports give 2001 KX76 a diameter of 900 to 1200 kilometers — roughly the size of Pluto's moon, Charon. Pluto itself, it should be noted, is smaller than our own moon. 

Because KBOs are believed to have very elongated orbits around the sun they spend a lot of time on dark, centuries-long excursions into deep space. That makes them very hard to find, said astronomer Robert Millis, director of the Lowell Observatory, which was involved in the discovery.  

If 2001 KX76 is any indication of larger KBOs out there, it might also lead to the demotion of Pluto from puniest planet to king of KBOs, said Marsden. 

Millis prefers a third alternative: "There may exist a new class of planets."

The logic of Robert Millis’s third alternative is echoed in the views of Dave Jewitt, co-discoverer of the first cataloged KBO, 1992 QB1. 

NASA, September 13, 2001
What Lurks in the Outer Solar System?

It's just a matter of time, say researchers, before astronomers find something as big as Pluto in the chilly outer reaches of the solar system. 

Billions of kilometers from Earth, beyond the orbit of Neptune, lies perhaps the most forbidding part of our solar system, a vast realm so cold and dark it sparks a frisson of dread among thoughtful astronauts. The Sun, so cheerful and warming here on Earth, is merely the brightest star in the night sky there. And it's so cold that the atmosphere of Pluto - - the only one of the nine planets orbiting so far from the Sun -- lies frozen on the ground most of the time. 

The planet Pluto, itself perhaps a KBO, is an exception. "Pluto has a higher reflectivity (60%) than we suspect for other Kuiper Belt Objects," adds Jewitt. "But this is an artifact of size. Pluto has enough mass and gravity to retain a tenuous atmosphere from which bright surface frosts may be deposited on the surface." 

Are there more Plutos out there, yet to be discovered? Jewitt (Dave Jewitt, co-discoverer of the first cataloged KBO, 1992 QB1) thinks so. "We have known the size distribution of KBOs for some years," he says. "It's a power law with index -4, and it suggests that a few Pluto-sized objects exist, perhaps 5 or 10, of which we know just one."

But just for the sake of argument, let’s assume that Millis and Jewitt, are wrong because the only thing that can exist in the Kuiper Belt are primitive icy snowballs.  

In that case, we need to keep in mind that last September, our understanding of comets took a huge leap forward when we learned that they are more than just dirty snowballs.  

Space.com, September 25, 2001
Stunning Comet Close-Ups Released From Fly-By

Stunning close-ups of a comet's core were released Tuesday by NASA scientists who, along with other experts, called the images the best ever taken of a comet. 

In one of the closest photographs, the Comet Borrelly appears like an eerie cosmic potato. In others, mysterious jets of gas and dust are seen shooting out from the comet in an unexpected direction. 

All over, the surface of the oblong object, roughly the size of Mt. Everest, is revealed as rolling, pitted terrain marked by grand mesas. No one involved in comet science or the mission that yielded the images expected such variety on the surface of a frozen hunk of ice. 

Comets are frozen chunks of rock and ice thought to have been around, relatively unblemished, since the early days of the solar system's formation more than 4 billion years ago. That makes them frozen treasure chests of valuable information for scientists. Comets are also thought to have provided much of the water that covered a dry early Earth with oceans, making life possible. 

But very little is known about comets. The bulk of all assumptions about them come from the study of just one comet: Halley. 

"We're finally reaching the stage where the veil is being lifted from these mysterious interplanetary objects," said Harold Weaver, a Johns Hopkins University researcher who was not involved in the Borrelly flyby.

The fact is undeniable given all of the catalogued evidence in-hand, that planet-sized objects (aside from Pluto as some astronomers suggest) can exist in the Kuiper Belt with long period orbits that bring them through the inner core of our solar system.  

Since the whole issue of what is a planet remains up in the air, plus all of the other names for massive objects such as this, I am coining a new populist term to identify them: Planet X-class Kuiper Belt Objects (XKBO).  

By definition, an XKBO is a Kuiper Belt Object in a long period orbit around our sun, with sufficient mass to trigger life-threatening global Earth changes as the result of a flyby event.     

Could an XKBO The Size of a
Planet Killed Off The Dinosaurs?

After agreeing to take the PAX assignment, I began searching the web for material and came across an interesting dinosaur extinction article on SPACE.COM.

SPACE.COM, February 22, 2001
Mass Extinction & Rise of Dinosaurs Tied to Cosmic Collision

For dinosaurs, the beginning seems to have been as violent as the end, based on new research that puts the blame for the worst mass extinction in history, 251 million years ago, squarely on the shoulders of a huge space rock.

The discovery also suggests that civilizations have fairly fixed periods during which to gain the intelligence needed to avoid being wiped off the face of the Earth. Or wherever. 

Scroll down to continue...

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Scientists have known for about a decade that a massive object, probably an asteroid, slammed into Earth 65 million years ago, presaging the demise of the dinosaurs and the rise of mammals. There is a crater in Mexico to prove it, as well as heavy concentrations of iridium -- a signature of asteroids -- spread around the world in soil dated to that time.

But 251 million years ago, before dinosaurs existed, the worst extinction ever recorded left the planet nearly bereft of plants and animals: More than three-fourths of all species perished, leaving a layer of fossils worldwide as a record. With evolution's slate relatively clean, the door was wide open for new species to take over. Lizards leapt at the opportunity, evolving into dinosaurs within just a few million years. 

But what triggered this earlier extinction? Researchers have speculated that it might have been an asteroid or comet impact, like the later event that did in the dinos. Or, they have ventured, it could have just been heavy volcanic activity or extreme climate change. But until now, there has been no clear evidence.

What interested me about the Space.COM raised the possibility of a volcanic eruption in the extinction that made the reign of the dinosaurs possible and the worlds “no clear evidence.”  

In order to position Dewey McLean's K-T Deccan Traps volcanism theory against the K-T impact extinction theory Luis Alvarez, what would be needed is evidence, or a lack of it.   

In running that angle down, I found a solid premise for whatever case I would build.  While the K-T boundary layer has a clear iridium layer, the layer lacks a key telltale sign of an impact event – fullerenes.   

Reactive Reports, August 2000
Meteoric fullerenes?

Roger Taylor one of the original team at the University of Sussex that discovered the fullerenes has now reported that fullerenes are not found in ancient meteorite deposits as some researchers had previously claimed. The discovery sheds a different light on a recent patent refusal. 

Extracts of material from New Zealand dating back to a meteor impact 65 million years - during the Cretaceous-Tertiary, K-T - period were thought to contain fullerenes because of intriguing peaks in their chromatograms. Now, Taylor and colleague Ala'a Abdul-Sada have put paid to this idea with some common sense and a new analysis of the material. 

The lack of fullerenes meant that the K-T extinction event could have been the result of an impact event, an eruption event, or even some combination of the two.  

With this premise in hand, I contacted Dr. Marsden and we discussed my desire to build a hypothetical case based on a flyby event with a planetoid.  However, the variables involved in building such a case made it too difficult for the task at hand so we settled on Comet Borrelly, most observed comet in history thanks to the Deep Space 1 spacecraft.   

With the scenario now centered on an object the size of Comet Borrelly has a 5-mile long nucleus, which definitely puts it in the Extinction Level Event range we fear because it could eliminate life on Earth.  But what could Comet Borrelly do to the Earth during a flyby?  

The answer was quick in coming.  Given the mass of Comet Borrelly, it could pass through our atmosphere without it changing the comet’s trajectory.  However, the shockwave that would be generated by that close flyby event would be massively destructive.  If the flyby event happened over the western part of India, the shockwave would be of sufficient strength to trigger a volcanic eruption on the scale of the Deccan Traps eruption 65 million years ago.   

Simply put, if 5-mile wide object were to graze our atmosphere without impacting our planet, it could trigger an eruption on the sacle of Deccan Traps eruption 65 million years.  Further, this eruption would have created Iridium layer such as the one we now find in the K-T boundary layer.  

I had my scenario.  The next task was to prepare a first draft of a scenario script for PAX. 

The World After 2012 — 2013 Author, Marie D. Jones

Over the years, we’ve built the case for Planet X / Nibiru and 2012 much like a samurai sword.  Layer by layer, the steel is folded and beaten until it's purity gives it a fearsome edge.  Eventually, there comes a point where you finally use it to cut to the heart of the matter.  That time is now, and to help us take aim at what really matters, Marie D. Jones, author of 2013: The End of Days or a New Beginning: Envisioning the World After the Events of 2012 wants us to know the future will be difficult, but greatly rewarding.

In this uplifting interview, she discusses the spiritual aspects of surviving the years to come.  Effervescent, savvy and well versed, this popular author has exhaustively researched the writings and thoughts of those who see humanity’s coming travails as a birthing process.  The notables, Marie has documented in her book agree on many of the same pitfalls and potential triumphs as those envisaged by yowusa.com authors.

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